Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 21
Filtrar
1.
JAMA Oncol ; 2024 Apr 25.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38662396

RESUMO

Importance: Data on oncological outcomes after omission of axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) in patients with breast cancer that downstages from node positive to negative with neoadjuvant chemotherapy are sparse. Additionally, the best axillary surgical staging technique in this scenario is unknown. Objective: To investigate oncological outcomes after sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) with dual-tracer mapping or targeted axillary dissection (TAD), which combines SLNB with localization and retrieval of the clipped lymph node. Design, Setting, and Participants: In this multicenter retrospective cohort study that was conducted at 25 centers in 11 countries, 1144 patients with consecutive stage II to III biopsy-proven node-positive breast cancer were included between April 2013 and December 2020. The cumulative incidence rates of axillary, locoregional, and any invasive (locoregional or distant) recurrence were determined by competing risk analysis. Exposure: Omission of ALND after SLNB or TAD. Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary end points were the 3-year and 5-year rates of any axillary recurrence. Secondary end points included locoregional recurrence, any invasive (locoregional and distant) recurrence, and the number of lymph nodes removed. Results: A total of 1144 patients (median [IQR] age, 50 [41-59] years; 78 [6.8%] Asian, 105 [9.2%] Black, 102 [8.9%] Hispanic, and 816 [71.0%] White individuals; 666 SLNB [58.2%] and 478 TAD [41.8%]) were included. A total of 1060 patients (93%) had N1 disease, 619 (54%) had ERBB2 (formerly HER2)-positive illness, and 758 (66%) had a breast pathologic complete response. TAD patients were more likely to receive nodal radiation therapy (85% vs 78%; P = .01). The clipped node was successfully retrieved in 97% of TAD cases and 86% of SLNB cases (without localization). The mean (SD) number of sentinel lymph nodes retrieved was 3 (2) vs 4 (2) (P < .001), and the mean (SD) number of total lymph nodes removed was 3.95 (1.97) vs 4.44 (2.04) (P < .001) in the TAD and SLNB groups, respectively. The 5-year rates of any axillary, locoregional, and any invasive recurrence in the entire cohort were 1.0% (95% CI, 0.49%-2.0%), 2.7% (95% CI, 1.6%-4.1%), and 10% (95% CI, 8.3%-13%), respectively. The 3-year cumulative incidence of axillary recurrence did not differ between TAD and SLNB (0.5% vs 0.8%; P = .55). Conclusions and Relevance: The results of this cohort study showed that axillary recurrence was rare in this setting and was not significantly lower after TAD vs SLNB. These results support omission of ALND in this population.

2.
Rev. senol. patol. mamar. (Ed. impr.) ; 36(4)oct.-dic. 2023. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-226734

RESUMO

Introducción: la cirugía oncoplástica (COP), ha tenido un gran desarrollo, permitiendo resecciones oncológicas seguras y previniendo potenciales deformidades y asimetrías. Evaluamos el impacto en la calidad de vida en pacientes con COP nivel I y II, mediante el cuestionario BREAST Q BCT y el deseo de simetrización posterior a la terapia adyuvante. Metodología: se estudiaron 50 pacientes, con diagnóstico de cáncer de mama, tratadas con COP (nivel I y nivel II) unilateral, durante el periodo entre octubre de 2017 y mayo de 2022, a quienes se les aplicó el cuestionario BREAST Q BCT postoperatorio, además de una encuesta sobre el deseo de simetrización. Resultados: en los dominios del BREAST Q estudiados se registraron: «bienestar psicosocial» (mediana de 83) «bienestar sexual» (mediana de 66), «bienestar físico» (mediana de 76), «satisfacción con la mama operada» (mediana de 80), «satisfacción con la información recibida» (mediana de 76) y «satisfacción con el equipo de salud» (mediana de 100). No se encontró relación estadística entre las variables estudiadas y las puntuaciones de la mediana del dominio «satisfacción de mama operada». Solo el 10% de las pacientes expresaron el deseo de simetrización. Conclusión: los resultados demuestran niveles altos de satisfacción en COP nivel I y II unilateral, teniendo un impacto en la calidad de vida de las pacientes; expresando el deseo de simetrización, predominante en mamoplastias de nivel II y COP extrema. (AU)


Introduction: Oncoplastic surgery (COP) has had a great development, allowing safe oncological resections, preventing potential deformities and asymmetries. We evaluated the impact on quality of life in patients with COP level I and II, using the BREAST Q BCT questionnaire and the desire for symmetrization after adjuvant therapy. Methodology: 50 patients diagnosed with breast cancer, treated with unilateral COP (Level I and Level II), were studied during the period between October 2017 and May 2022, to whom the BREAST Q BCT postoperative questionnaire was applied, in addition to survey on the desire for symmetrization. Results: In the domains of the BREAST Q studied, they recorded: "psychosocial well-being" (median of 83), "sexual well-being" (median of 66), "physical well-being" (median of 76), "satisfaction with the operated breast" (median of 80), "satisfaction with the information received" (median of 76) and "satisfaction with the health team" (median of 100). No statistical relationship was found between the variables studied and the median scores of the "satisfaction of operated breast" domain. Only 10% of the patients expressed the desire for symmetrization. Conclusion: The results show high levels of satisfaction in COP level I and II unilateral, having an impact on the quality of life of the patients; expressing the desire for symmetrization, predominant in level II mammoplasties and extreme COP. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Neoplasias da Mama/cirurgia , Qualidade de Vida , Mama/cirurgia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Mastectomia Segmentar , Satisfação Pessoal
4.
J. health med. sci. (Print) ; 7(4): 215-221, oct.-dic. 2021.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1396092

RESUMO

El objetivo del presente artículo ha sido describir el programa "Optimización de la Protección en Radiología Intervencionista Pediátrica en América Latina y el Caribe" (OPRIPALC) que nace el año 2018 como respuesta conjunta de la Organización Panamericana de la Salud y la Organización Mundial de la Salud, en cooperación con el Organismo Internacional de Energía Atómica, para colaborar con sus Estados miembros en asegurar que las exposiciones a la radiación de los pacientes pediátricos sean las mínimas necesarias durante los procedimientos intervencionistas. Actualmente, hay 18 centros de los siguientes 10 países que participan: Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, México, Perú y Uruguay. Para el desarrollo del programa se plantean una serie de objetivos, productos, actividades y resultados esperados. La puesta en marcha de la WEB de OPRIPALC ha significado un instrumento muy válido para seguir la información actualizada del programa. Un programa actualizado de formación en radioprotección para los profesionales implicados en el programa, se está realizando por medio de "webinars". Se deberá seguir actuando en la aplicación del programa de control de calidad básico para los equipos de rayos X participantes y validar los valores de los Niveles de Referencia para Diagnóstico (NRDs). Se propone formar un equipo de trabajo entre los Físicos Médicos y Tecnólogos Médicos participantes de OPRIPALC para implicarse en las pruebas de control básicas que todos los centros debieran realizar. Se han presentado algunos resultados iniciales de OPRIPALC en eventos científicos internacionales. Se está avanzando en proponer unos primeros valores sobre NRDs en procedimientos de intervencionismo cardiológico pediátrico por bandas de edad y peso. OPRIPALC es una de las pocas iniciativas de carácter regional para obtener valores de NRDs en procedimientos intervencionistas pediátricos. Se espera que tanto los valores de referencia como la metodología empleada en OPRIPALC, puedan ser utilizados en otras regiones del mundo.


The objective of this article has been to describe the program "Optimization of Protection in Pediatric Interventional Radiology in Latin America and the Caribbean" (OPRIPALC) that was born in 2018 as a joint response of the Pan American Health Organization and the World Organization of the Health, in cooperation with the International Atomic Energy Agency, to collaborate with its member states in ensuring that radiation exposures of pediatric patients are the minimum necessary during interventional procedures. Currently, there are 18 centers from the following 10 countries participating: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru and Uruguay. For the development of the program, a series of objectives, products, activities and expected results are proposed. The launch of the OPRIPALC WEBSITE has been a very valid instrument for following up-to-date information on the program. An updated training program in radiation protection for the professionals involved in the program is being carried out through webinars. It should continue acting in the application of the basic quality control program for the participating X-ray equipment and validate the values of the Diagnostic Reference Levels (DRLs). It is proposed to form a work team among the OPRIPALC participating medical physicists to get involved in the basic control tests that all centers should carry out. Some initial results of OPRIPALC have been presented at international scientific events. Progress is being made in proposing first values on DRLs in pediatric cardiac intervention procedures by age and weight bands. OPRIPALC is one of the few regional initiatives to obtain DRLs values in pediatric interventional procedures. It is expected that both the reference values and the methodology used in OPRIPALC can be used in other regions of the world.


Assuntos
Humanos , Criança , Pediatria/normas , Proteção Radiológica/normas , Cardiologia/normas , Controle de Qualidade , Padrões de Referência , Valores de Referência , Segurança , Radiologia Intervencionista , Região do Caribe , Técnicas de Diagnóstico Cardiovascular , Otimização de Processos , Níveis de Referência de Diagnóstico , América Latina
5.
J Radiol Prot ; 41(4)2021 Dec 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34130272

RESUMO

The Inter-Agency Committee on Radiation Safety (IACRS) was constituted in 1990, as a forum for collaboration and coordination between international bodies with regards to radiation safety. It consists today of representatives of eight intergovernmental member organizations (the European Commision, Food and Agriculture Organization, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), International Labour Office, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development/ Nuclear Energy Agency (OECD/NEA), Pan American Health Organization, United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation and the World Health Organization) and five observer non-governmental organizations (International Commission on Radiological Protection, International Commission on Radiation Units & Measurements, International Electrotechnical Commission, International Radiation Protection Association and International Organization for Standardization). The IACRS provides a platform for interaction between these relevant international bodies to contribute to a common understanding of the scientific basis and legal framework for the application of the system of radiation protection, towards global harmonisation of radiation safety standards. The IACRS played a key role in the development of the International Basic Safety Standards (BSS) in 1996 and in its revision in 2014. Further, an IACRS specific Task Group-chaired by the IAEA-fosters the implementation of the BSS in a consistent and coherent manner in all Member States of the United Nations. The IACRS operates via a standing secretariat jointly provided by the IAEA and OECD/NEA and is chaired by one of its member organizations on a rotating basis for periods of about 18 months. This approach has proved to be effective and was the foundation for ensuring continuity of the work of the committee and at the same time allowing a rotating leadership for all member organizations. Currently, the IACRS is chaired by the WHO. The International Radiation Safety Framework under which the IACRS works is structured around four main areas: (a) science; (b) principles; (c) standards; and (d) practice. This paper presents briefly the mandates, roles and functions of the various international bodies that are relevant to the four above mentioned areas of work, discusses how these bodies coordinate their actions and complement each other to enhance radiation protection and safety worldwide and describes their contribution to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals. The paper also provides an overview of the main accomplishments of the IACRS since its inception 30 years ago, and an outlook on key challenges for its future activities.


Assuntos
Energia Nuclear , Proteção Radiológica , Agências Internacionais , Nações Unidas , Organização Mundial da Saúde
6.
Radiology ; 298(2): E63-E69, 2021 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32729811

RESUMO

The World Health Organization (WHO) undertook the development of a rapid guide on the use of chest imaging in the diagnosis and management of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The rapid guide was developed over 2 months by using standard WHO processes, except for the use of "rapid reviews" and online meetings of the panel. The evidence review was supplemented by a survey of stakeholders regarding their views on the acceptability, feasibility, impact on equity, and resource use of the relevant chest imaging modalities (chest radiography, chest CT, and lung US). The guideline development group had broad expertise and country representation. The rapid guide includes three diagnosis recommendations and four management recommendations. The recommendations cover patients with confirmed or who are suspected of having COVID-19 with different levels of disease severity, throughout the care pathway from outpatient facility or hospital entry to home discharge. All recommendations are conditional and are based on low certainty evidence (n = 2), very low certainty evidence (n = 2), or expert opinion (n = 3). The remarks accompanying the recommendations suggest which patients are likely to benefit from chest imaging and what factors should be considered when choosing the specific imaging modality. The guidance offers considerations about implementation, monitoring, and evaluation, and also identifies research needs. Published under a CC BY 4.0 license. Online supplemental material is available for this article.


Assuntos
COVID-19/diagnóstico , Pulmão/diagnóstico por imagem , Radiografia/métodos , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Ultrassonografia/métodos , Organização Mundial da Saúde , Humanos , SARS-CoV-2
7.
Rev. senol. patol. mamar. (Ed. impr.) ; 33(1): 32-35, ene.-mar. 2020. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-193244

RESUMO

El tumor miofibroblástico inflamatorio (TMI), forma parte del grupo de seudotumores inflamatorios compuesto de células fusiformes mezcladas con células plasmáticas maduras y células inflamatorias. Frecuentemente descritos en la región abdominal, pélvica, pulmonar y retroperitoneal, en pacientes pediátricos y adolescentes. La presentación en la glándula mamaria es extremadamente rara (27 casos descritos en la literatura), motivo por el cual su historia natural, recurrencia y potencial metastásico permanecen en estudio. Se trae a presentación un caso de una paciente posmenopáusica la cual fue tratada con cirugía de conservación, así como la revisión de la literatura de esta entidad


Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour (IMT) belongs to the group of pseudo inflammatory tumours, composed of fusiform cells mixed with mature plasma cells and inflammatory cells. It is frequently described in the abdomen, pelvis, lung and retroperitoneum in paediatric and adolescent patients. Presentation in the mammary gland is extremely rare (27 cases described in the literature), which is why its natural history, recurrence and metastatic potential remain under study. We present the case of a postmenopausal patient, who was treated with conservation surgery, as well as a review of the literature of this entity


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias da Mama/diagnóstico , Neoplasias da Mama/cirurgia , Neoplasias de Tecido Muscular/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de Tecido Muscular/cirurgia , Inflamação
8.
Rev. senol. patol. mamar. (Ed. impr.) ; 32(4): 148-152, oct.-dic. 2019. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-190398

RESUMO

El plasmocitoma es una neoplasia de células plasmáticas infrecuente, cuyo escenario clínico se presenta como evidencia de diseminación del mieloma múltiple o como una tumoración solitaria extramedular, siendo el compromiso mamario extremadamente raro (63 casos reportados a partir de 1928). Presentamos el caso de una paciente mujer de 37 años con plasmocitoma en mama derecha multifocal, describiendo las características clínicas, imagenológicas, anatomopatológicas, así como el tratamiento y el seguimiento


Plasmacytoma is an uncommon plasma cell neoplasm, whose clinical behaviour is taken as evidence of disseminated multiple myeloma or an extramedullary solitary tumour. Breast involvement is extremely rare (63 cases reported since 1928). We present the case of a 37-year-old woman with a multifocal right breast plasmacytoma and describe the clinical, imaging and histologic findings, as well as treatment and follow-up


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Neoplasias da Mama/diagnóstico , Plasmocitoma/diagnóstico , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Neoplasias da Mama/terapia , Seguimentos , Plasmocitoma/terapia , Imuno-Histoquímica , Mamografia , Biópsia
9.
Materials (Basel) ; 12(8)2019 Apr 18.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31003568

RESUMO

This work has analyzed the influence of the particle size of a calcite from a quarry, whether original, calcined, or rehydrated, on the efficiency of CO2 capture of the gases emitted in a coal-fired power plant. Three different particle sizes 0.5 mm, 0.1 mm, and 0.045 mm have been studied. The calcination had a minimal effect on the particle size of the smaller samples A1045 and A1M1 (<30 µm). The N2 isotherms and the CO2 adsorption isotherms at 0 °C showed a very significant increase in the surface of the calcined and rehydrated samples (A15CH, A1045CH, and A1M1CH) with respect to the calcined or original samples. The results obtained showed that the capture of CO2 for the sample A1M1, with a smaller average particle size (<30 µm, is the most effective. For the sample A1M1 calcined and completely rehydrated (Ca(OH)2), the chemical adsorption of CO2 to form CaCO3 is practically total, under the experimental conditions used (550 °C and CO2 flow of 20 mL min-1). The weight increase was 34.11% and the adsorption capacity was 577.00 mg g-1. The experiment was repeated 10 times with the same sample A1M1 calcined and rehydrated. No appreciable loss of adsorption capacity was observed.

10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29757264

RESUMO

Pollution of freshwater ecosystems from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is a global concern. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has included the PAHs pyrene, phenanthrene, and naphthalene among the 16 priority compounds of special concern for their toxicological effects. The aim of this study was to adapt and characterize a microbial consortium from ore waste with the potential to remove these three PAHs from water. This microbial consortium was exposed to the target PAHs at levels of 5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 mg L−1 for 14 days. PAH bioremoval was measured using the analytical technique of solid phase microextraction, followed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (SPME-GC/MS). The results revealed that up to 90% of the target PAHs can be removed from water after 14 days at a concentration level of 100 mg L−1. The predominant group of microorganisms identified at the phylum taxonomic level were the Proteobacteria, while the Actinobacteria were the predominant subgroup. The removal of phenanthrene, naphthalene, and pyrene predominantly occurred in specimens of genera Stenotrophomonas, Williamsia, and Chitinophagaceae, respectively. This study demonstrates that the use of specific microorganisms is an alternative method of reducing PAH levels in water.


Assuntos
Actinobacteria/metabolismo , Consórcios Microbianos , Hidrocarbonetos Policíclicos Aromáticos/metabolismo , Proteobactérias/metabolismo , Poluentes Químicos da Água/metabolismo , Biodegradação Ambiental , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas , Hidrocarbonetos Policíclicos Aromáticos/análise , Poluentes Químicos da Água/análise
11.
Environ Res ; 156: 358-363, 2017 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28391175

RESUMO

There are unique considerations in the medical care of children, which includes the use of medical imaging. Medical imaging is frequently necessary and is essential in diagnosis and management of children with illness and injury. Much of medical imaging requires ionizing radiation. While virtually all diagnostic imaging radiation is considered low-dose level, there is still a broad misperception about what modalities use ionizing radiation and how much radiation risk exists in the medical environment. A discussion of radiation exposure is especially relevant in children due to their increased vulnerability, including to radiation-induced cancer. Ionizing radiation is both naturally occurring and man-made, including medical sources that have been increasing over the past few decades and can vary in radiation dose both between different modalities and for similar examinations. Perspectives vary regarding cancer risk and levels of radiation resulting from diagnostic imaging, however most medical and scientific organization support the perspective that the risk of cancer at these levels is uncertain. It is important to have balanced and informed resources for the use of ionizing radiation in the care of children, and it is equally important to assure that the delivery of this content is appropriate to the audience to which it is intended. For these reasons, it is valuable to review the issues related to use of ionizing radiation in medical imaging in children.


Assuntos
Meio Ambiente , Exposição à Radiação , Radiação Ionizante , Humanos , Doses de Radiação , Medição de Risco
12.
Int J Phytoremediation ; 14(5): 518-29, 2012.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22567729

RESUMO

Phytoremediation is a feasible alternative to remediate soils polluted with toxic elements, which can be enhanced by manipulating plant-microbe interactions. Regarding this, free-living saprophytic fungi that interact beneficially with roots have been scarcely studied. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of a saprophytic fungus, Lewia sp., on the plant growth and the ability of Dodonaea viscosa to phytoaccumulate or phytostabilize soluble and insoluble sources of lead in a solid support. The growth of D. viscosa was influenced by both Pb and Lewia sp. While seedlings exposed to Pb showed a decrease in biomass production, in seedlings grown without Pb the biomass was stimulated by Lewia sp. The fungus strongly stimulated the weight-to-length ratio in roots. Regardless of the treatment, D. viscosa accumulated 4.4-6.5 times more Pb in roots than in shoots, conducting to low translocation factors (< 0.2). The presence of Lewia sp. significantly improved Pb accumulation, achieving high bioconcentration factors (> 22), which was attributed to an increased bioavailability and uptake of Pb due to the fungus. This study demonstrated that Lewia sp. could improve Pb-phytostabilization by D. viscosa in soils polluted with soluble and insoluble forms of Pb.


Assuntos
Ascomicetos/fisiologia , Chumbo/metabolismo , Sapindaceae/microbiologia , Poluentes do Solo/metabolismo , Biodegradação Ambiental , Transporte Biológico , Biomassa , Chumbo/análise , Raízes de Plantas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Raízes de Plantas/metabolismo , Raízes de Plantas/microbiologia , Sapindaceae/efeitos dos fármacos , Sapindaceae/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Sapindaceae/metabolismo , Solo
13.
Acta paul. enferm ; 25(6): 914-920, 2012.
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS, BDENF - Enfermagem | ID: lil-657990

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed at investigating the significance of the skin-to-skin contact method with fathers, looking at their own experiences with their newborns. METHODS: The information was collected through in-depth interviews with 14 fathers who had used the skin-to-skin contact method with their newborns, after a cesarean delivery. The technique utilized for data analysis was the qualitative method of content analysis. RESULTS: Four principal themes emerged from the data: the preparation for the skin-to-skin method, the experiences of the fathers, the father's role, and effects of the method on the baby. CONCLUSIONS: The investigations performed highlighted the importance of the involvement of health professionals in the use of this method, which leads to a series of positive results for the organization related to satisfaction. We conclude that the skin-to-skin method is a simple technique, recommended for positive results for fathers and their babies.


OBJETIVO: Este estudo tem como objetivo investigar o significado do método "pele a pele" com pais, olhando para as suas próprias experiências com seus recém-nascidos. MÉTODOS: A informação foi coletada a través de "entrevistas em profundidade" em 14 pais que tinham usado o método de "pele a pele", com seus recém-nascidos após um parto por cesariana. A técnica utilizada no análise dos dados foi o método qualitativo de "análise de conteúdo". RESULTADOS: Quatro temas principais emergiram a partir dos dados: a preparação para o método "pele a pele", as experiências dos pais, o papel do pai e os efeitos do método no bebê. CONCLUSÕES: As investigações feitas destacam a importância do envolvimento dos profissionais da saúde na utilização deste método, o qual leva a uma série de resultados positivos para a organização relacionados com a satisfação. Concluímos que o método de "pele a pele" é uma técnica simples e recomendada com resultados positivos também para os pais e os seus bebês.


OBJETIVO: En este estudio se tuvo como objetivo investigar el significado del método "piel a piel" con padres, mirando hacia sus propias experiencias con sus recién nacidos. MÉTODOS: La información fue recolectada por medio de "entrevistas en profundidad" realizada a 14 padres que habían usado el método de "piel a piel", con sus recién nacidos después de un parto por cesárea. La técnica utilizada en el análisis de los datos fue el método cualitativo de "análisis de contenido". RESULTADOS: Emergieron cuatro temas principales a partir de los datos: la preparación para el método "piel a piel", las experiencias de los padres, el papel del padre los efectos del método en el bebé. CONCLUSIONES: Las investigaciones realizadas destacan la importancia del involucramiento de los profesionales de la salud en la utilización de este método, lo cual lleva a una serie de resultados positivos para la organización relacionados con la satisfacción. Concluimos que el método de "piel a piel" es una técnica simple y recomendada con resultados positivos también para los padres y sus bebés.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Cesárea , Relações Pai-Filho , Pessoal de Saúde , Satisfação Pessoal , Período Pós-Parto , Pesquisa Qualitativa
14.
Radiat Res ; 171(1): 127-39, 2009 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19138057

RESUMO

The World Health Organization (WHO) held a consultation meeting at WHO Headquarters, Geneva, Switzerland, December 17-18, 2007, to develop the framework for a global biodosimetry network. The WHO network is envisioned to enable dose assessment using multiple methods [cytogenetics, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), radionuclide bioassays, etc.]; however, the initial discussion focused on the cytogenetic bioassay (i.e., metaphase-spread dicentric assay). Few regional cytogenetic biodosimetry networks have been established so far. The roles and resources available from United Nations (UN) agencies that provide international cooperation in biological dosimetry after radiological emergencies were reviewed. In addition, extensive reliance on the use of the relevant International Standards Organization (ISO) standards was emphasized. The results of a WHO survey of global cytogenetic biological dosimetry capability were reported, and while the survey indicates robust global capability, there was also a clear lack of global leadership and coordination. The expert group, which had a concentrated focus on cytogenetic biodosimetry, formulated the general scope and concept of operations for the development of a WHO global biodosimetry laboratory network for radiation emergencies (BioDoseNet). Follow-on meetings are planned to further develop technical details for this network.


Assuntos
Internacionalidade , Laboratórios/organização & administração , Liberação Nociva de Radioativos , Radiometria/métodos , Organização Mundial da Saúde , Coleta de Dados , Humanos , Laboratórios/normas , Seleção de Pacientes , Médicos , Radiometria/normas , Valores de Referência , Manejo de Espécimes
15.
Neurotoxicology ; 27(2): 253-9, 2006 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16426682

RESUMO

This study addresses the participation of radiation-induced free radicals, mainly nitric oxide (NO), in modulating the apoptotic response in an in vitro model of neural cortical precursor cells exposed to gamma-radiation. Cortical cells obtained from rats at 17 gestational day (GD) were irradiated with a dose of 2 Gy. The percentage of apoptotic cells was significantly increased 4h post-irradiation (pi). NO content showed a significant increase after 30 min pi and the rate of generation reached a maximum 1h pi. Luminol-dependent chemiluminescence (CL) was significantly higher in cells after 2h pi as compared to control cells and this profile was maintained up to 4 h pi. Supplementation with L-NAME significantly increased light emission. Administration of superoxide dismutase (SOD) following L-NAME addition prevented the observed changes due to L-NAME administration. The caspase inhibitor zDEVD-fmk significantly reduced the radical generation. Moreover, the cellular decrease in NO content occurred coincidentally with the rise in oxygen radical generation and the activation of caspase-3. In vitro irradiation of neural precursor cells allowed us to suggest that an early radiation-induced generation of NO could exert a neuroprotective role. However, despite this NO initial protective effect and its role modulating the response against gamma-radiation, NO generation was not able of fully preventing radiation-induced apoptosis.


Assuntos
Apoptose/efeitos da radiação , Neurônios/efeitos da radiação , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Células-Tronco/efeitos da radiação , Animais , Caspase 3 , Caspases/metabolismo , Células Cultivadas , Inibidores Enzimáticos/farmacologia , Citometria de Fluxo , Raios gama , Medições Luminescentes , NG-Nitroarginina Metil Éster/farmacologia , Nitratos/metabolismo , Óxido Nítrico/metabolismo , Óxido Nítrico Sintase Tipo I/antagonistas & inibidores , Nitritos/metabolismo , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Superóxidos/metabolismo
16.
Rev. peru. radiol. (En línea) ; 7(18): 90-93, oct. 2003. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LIPECS | ID: biblio-1111984

RESUMO

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar las características radiológicas del carcinoma in situ (CIS) de mama, estableciendo la relación entre los hallazgos mamográficos y tipos histológicos. Entre diciembre del 2000 y julio del 2002, se realizaron 286 localizaciones por aguja en el Servicio de Radiología del Hospital Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen en pacientes con alta sospecha de cáncer de mama, de los cuales 39 (14 por ciento) fueron confirmados histológicamente como cáncer y 15 (38,46 por ciento) carcinoma in situ. Se consideraron para el estudio además, 6 pacientes a quienes se le realizó BAAF (3) o biopsia por recisión local (3) todas ellas pacientes en que la sospecha diagnóstica de cáncer fue planteada por el medio de mamografía, haciendo un total de 21 pacientes. Los tipos de presentación mamográfico en orden de frecuencia del Ca in situ de la mama en el presente estudio fueron las microcalcificaciones solas fueron la manifestación mamográfica más frecuente 47,62 por ciento (10). En general, 17(80,95 por ciento) pacientes presentaron alguna forma de microcalcificación asociada o no a otros hallazgos como distorsión asimétrica focal, distorsión de la arquitectura. En cuanto a los tipos histológicos del carcinoma in situ, el más frecuente fue el carcinoma intraductal 90,47 por ciento (19). En conclusión, la incidencia de carcinoma in situ de la mama fue 38,46 por ciento y es ligeramente más alta a los reportes internacionales. La manifestación radiológica más frecuente del CIS fueron microcalcificaciones solas o asociadas a otro tipo de hallazgo mamográfico (80,9 por ciento), siendo así que la forma más frecuente del CIS, fueron las microcalcificaciones solas, seguidas por la distorsión asimetría focal asociada a microcalcificaciones.


Assuntos
Feminino , Adulto , Humanos , Carcinoma in Situ , Hospitais Estaduais , Mamografia , Neoplasias da Mama , Pacientes , Estudos Retrospectivos
17.
Medicina (B Aires) ; 62(6): 593-603, 2002.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12532699

RESUMO

Telomeres, functional complexes that protect eukaryotic chromosome ends, participate in the regulation of cell proliferation and could play a role in the stabilization of genomic regions in response to genotoxic stress. Their significance in human pathology becomes evident in several diseases sharing genomic instability as a common trait, in which alterations of the telomere metabolism have been demonstrated. Many of them are also associated with hypersensitivity to ionizing radiation and cancer susceptibility. Besides the specific proteins belonging to the telomeric complex, other proteins involved in the DNA repair machinery, such as ATM, BRCA1, BRCA2, PARP/tankyrase system, DNA-PK and RAD50-MRE11-NBS1 complexes, are closely related with the telomere. This suggests that the telomere sequesters DNA repair proteins for its own structure maintenance, which could also be released toward damaged sites in the genomic DNA. This communication describes essential aspects of telomere structure and function and their links with homologous recombination, non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ), V(D)J system and mismatch-repair (MMR). Several pathological conditions exhibiting alterations in some of these mechanisms are also considered. The cell response to ionizing radiation and its relationship with the telomeric metabolism is particularly taken into account as a model for studying genotoxicity.


Assuntos
Dano ao DNA , Reparo do DNA , Telômero/fisiologia , Apoptose/fisiologia , Replicação do DNA , Ativação Enzimática , Humanos , Telomerase/fisiologia , Telômero/efeitos da radiação
18.
Medicina [B Aires] ; 62(6): 593-603, 2002.
Artigo em Espanhol | BINACIS | ID: bin-39074

RESUMO

Telomeres, functional complexes that protect eukaryotic chromosome ends, participate in the regulation of cell proliferation and could play a role in the stabilization of genomic regions in response to genotoxic stress. Their significance in human pathology becomes evident in several diseases sharing genomic instability as a common trait, in which alterations of the telomere metabolism have been demonstrated. Many of them are also associated with hypersensitivity to ionizing radiation and cancer susceptibility. Besides the specific proteins belonging to the telomeric complex, other proteins involved in the DNA repair machinery, such as ATM, BRCA1, BRCA2, PARP/tankyrase system, DNA-PK and RAD50-MRE11-NBS1 complexes, are closely related with the telomere. This suggests that the telomere sequesters DNA repair proteins for its own structure maintenance, which could also be released toward damaged sites in the genomic DNA. This communication describes essential aspects of telomere structure and function and their links with homologous recombination, non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ), V(D)J system and mismatch-repair (MMR). Several pathological conditions exhibiting alterations in some of these mechanisms are also considered. The cell response to ionizing radiation and its relationship with the telomeric metabolism is particularly taken into account as a model for studying genotoxicity.

SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA
...